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      <text bytes="19239" sha1="qfpoie1j2dwinxbs1wgousta6wa1ryn" xml:space="preserve">&lt;strong&gt;Table of Contents&lt;/strong&gt;

=== Computer Science Knowledge Base ===

== 1.0 Introduction to Computer Science ==

=== 1.1 What is Computer Science? ===

* [[0.0.0 About this Wiki]]

* [[1.1.1 Definition and Scope]]
* [[1.1.2 Problem-Solving Focus|1.1.2 Problem-Solving  - Computational Thinking]]
* [[1.1.3 Interdisciplinary Nature]]

=== 1.2 History of Computing ===
* [[1.2.1 Early Calculating Devices (Abacus, Pascaline, Leibniz Wheel)]]
* [[1.2.2 Analytical Engine (Babbage &amp; Lovelace)]]
* [[1.2.3 Alan Turing: The Brilliant Mind Who Shaped Our Digital World]]
* [[1.2.3 Early Electronic Computers (ENIAC, UNIVAC)|1.2.4 Early Electronic Computers (ENIAC, UNIVAC)]]
* [[1.2.5 Transistors &amp; Integrated Circuits]]
* [[1.2.6 Personal Computers &amp; the Internet]]

=== 1.3 Key Figures in Computer Science ===
* [[1.3.1 Ada Lovelace, Alan Turing, Grace Hopper, Dennis Ritchie, Linus Torvalds, etc.]]

=== 1.4 Branches of Computer Science ===
* 1.4.1 [[1.4.1 Theoretical CS, Algorithms, Data Structures, AI, ML, Cybersecurity, Networking, etc.|Theoretical CS, Algorithms, Data Structures, AI, ML, Cybersecurity, Networking, etc.]]

=== 1.5 [[1.5 How a Computer Works|How a Computer Works]] ===

== 2.0 Foundational Concepts == 
=== 2.1 Data Representation ===
* [[2.1.1 Binary Numbers (Bits, Bytes)#How Computers Understand the World: Foundational Concepts|2.1.1 Binary Numbers (Bits, Bytes)]]
* [[2.1.2 Number Systems (Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal)]]
* [[2.1.3 Character Encoding (ASCII, Unicode, UTF-8)]]
* [[2.1.4 Image, Audio, and Video Representation (Basic)]]
=== 2.2 Boolean Algebra &amp; Logic Gates ===
* [[2.2.1 AND, OR, NOT, XOR, NAND, NOR gates]]
* [[2.2.2 Truth Tables]]
* [[2.2.3 Boolean Expressions &amp; Simplification]]
=== 2.3 Algorithms &amp; Pseudocode ===
* [[2.3.1 Definition of an Algorithm]]
* [[2.3.2 Characteristics of Good Algorithms]]
* [[2.3.3 Representing Algorithms (Flowcharts, Pseudocode)]]
=== 2.4 [[Computational Thinking]] ===
* [[2.4.1 Decomposition]]
* [[2.4.2 Pattern Recognition]]
* [[2.4.3 Abstraction]]
* [[2.4.4 Algorithms]]
== 3.0 [[3.0 Programming Fundamentals|Programming Fundamentals]] ==
=== 3.1 [[3.1 Programming Paradigms|Programming Paradigms]] ===
* 3.1.1 [[3.1.1 Procedural Programming|Procedural Programming]]
* 3.1.2 [[3.1.2 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) - Basic Concepts|Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) - Basic Concepts]]
* [[3.1.3 Functional Programming (Basic Concepts)]]
=== 3.2 [[3.2 Data Types &amp; Variables|Data Types &amp; Variables]] ===
* 3.2.1 [[3.2.1 Primitive Data Types (Integers, Floats, Booleans, Characters)|Primitive Data Types (Integers, Floats, Booleans, Characters)]]
* 3.2.2 [[3.2.2 Reference Data Types (Strings, Objects)|Reference Data Types (Strings, Objects)]]
* [[3.2.3 Variable Declaration and Initialization]]

=== 3.3 [[3.3 Control Structures|Control Structures]] ===

* [[Conditional Statements (if, else if, else, switch)#3.3.1 Conditional Statements (if, else if, else, switch)|3.3.1  Conditional Statements (if, else if, else, switch)]]
* 3.3.2 [[3.3.2 Looping Constructs (for, while, do-while)|Looping Constructs (for, while, do-while)]]

=== 3.4 [[3.4 Functions/Methods|Functions/Methods]] ===

* 3.4.1 [[3.4.1 Definition and Purpose|Definition and Purpose]]
* 3.4.2 [[3.4.2 Parameters and Return Values|Parameters and Return Values]]
* 3.4.3 [[3.4.3 Scope|Scope]]

=== 3.5 [[Basic Data Structures]] ===

* 3.5.1 [[3.5.1 Arrays (One-dimensional, Multi-dimensional)|Arrays (One-dimensional, Multi-dimensional)]]
* 3.5.2 [[Strings (Manipulation, Common Operations)]]

=== 3.6 [[Error Handling &amp; Debugging]] ===

* 3.6.1 [[3.6.1 Types of Errors (Syntax, Runtime, Logic)|Types of Errors (Syntax, Runtime, Logic)]]
* 3.6.2 [[3.6.2 Exception Handling (try-catch)|Exception Handling (try-catch)]]
* 3.6.3 [[3.6.3 Debugging Techniques and Tools|Debugging Techniques and Tools]]

=== 4.0 [[4.0 Data Structures Algorithms (DSA)|Data Structures Algorithms (DSA)]] ===

==== 4.1 [[4.1 Data Structures|Data Structures]] ====

* '''4.1.1 [[4.1.1 Linear Data Structures#4.1.1 Linear Data Structures|Linear Data Structures]]:'''
** 4.1.1.1  [[4.1.1 Linear Data Structures#4.1.1 Linear Data Structures|Arrays (Fixed-size, Dynamic Arrays)]]
** 4.1.1.2  [[4.1.1.2 Linked Lists (Singly, Doubly, Circular)|Linked Lists (Singly, Doubly, Circular)]]
** 4.1.1.3  [[4.1.1.3 Stacks (LIFO)|Stacks (LIFO)]]
** 4.1.1.4  [[4.1.1.4 Queues (FIFO, Priority Queues)|Queues (FIFO, Priority Queues)]]

* '''[[4.1.2 Non-Linear Data Structures]]:'''
** 4.1.2.1  [[4.1.2.1 Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search Trees, AVL Trees, Red-Black Trees)|Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search Trees, AVL Trees, Red-Black Trees)]]
** 4.1.2.2  [[4.1.2.2 Graphs (Directed, Undirected, Weighted)|Graphs (Directed, Undirected, Weighted)]]
** 4.1.2.3  [[4.1.2.3 Hash Tables (Hashing Functions, Collision Resolution)|Hash Tables (Hashing Functions, Collision Resolution)]]
** 4.1.2.4  [[4.1.2.4 Heaps (Min-Heap, Max-Heap)|Heaps (Min-Heap, Max-Heap)]]
* '''4.2 [[4.2 Algorithms|Algorithms]]'''
** '''4.2.1 [[4.2.1 Sorting Algorithms|Sorting Algorithms]]:'''
*** 4.2.1.1 [[4.2.1.1 Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort|Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, Insertion Sort]]
*** 4.2.1.2 [[4.2.1.2 Merge Sort, Quick Sort (Divide and Conquer)|Merge Sort, Quick Sort (Divide and Conquer)]]
*** 4.2.1.3 [[4.2.1.3 Heap Sort, Radix Sort|Heap Sort, Radix Sort]]
** '''4.2.2 [[4.2.2 Searching Algorithms|Searching Algorithms]]:'''
*** 4.2.2.1 [[4.2.2.1 Linear Search|Linear Search]]
*** 4.2.2.2 [[4.2.2.2 Binary Search|Binary Search]]
** '''4.2.3 [[4.2.3 Graph Algorithms|Graph Algorithms]]:'''
*** 4.2.3.1 [[4.2.3.1 Breadth-First Search (BFS)|Breadth-First Search (BFS)]]
*** 4.2.3.2 Depth-First Search (DFS)
*** 4.2.3.3 Dijkstra's Algorithm (Shortest Path)
*** 4.2.3.4 Minimum Spanning Trees (Prim's, Kruskal's)
** '''4.2.4 Dynamic Programming:'''
*** 4.2.4.1 Memoization, Tabulation
*** 4.2.4.2 Common DP Problems (Fibonacci, Knapsack)
** '''4.2.5 Recursion:'''
*** 4.2.5.1 Base Cases, Recursive Steps
*** 4.2.5.2. Tail Recursion
** '''4.2.6 Greedy Algorithms'''
'''5.0  [[5.0 Computer Architecture &amp; Organization|Computer Architecture &amp; Organization]]'''
* '''5.1 [[5.1 CPU Components|CPU Components]]'''
** 5.1.1 [[5.1.1 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)|Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)]]
** 5.1.2 [[5.1.2 Control Unit (CU)|Control Unit (CU)]]
** 5.1.3 [[5.1.3 Registers|Registers]]
** 5.1.4 [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=5.1.4_Instruction_Cycle_(Fetch,_Decode,_Execute,_Store)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1 Instruction Cycle (Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store)]
* '''5.2 [[5.2 Memory Hierarchy|Memory Hierarchy]]'''
** 5.2.1 [[5.2.1 Cache Memory (L1, L2, L3)|Cache Memory (L1, L2, L3)]]
** 5.2.2 [[5.2.2 RAM (Random Access Memory)|RAM (Random Access Memory)]]
** 5.2.3 [[5.2.3 ROM (Read-Only Memory)|ROM (Read-Only Memory)]]
** 5.2.4 [[5.2.4 Virtual Memory (Basic Concept)|Virtual Memory (Basic Concept)]]
* '''5.3 [[5.3 Input/Output Systems|Input/Output Systems]]'''
** 5.3.1  [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=5.3.1_I%2FO_Devices_and_Controllers&amp;wvprov=sticky-header I/O Devices and Controllers]
** 5.3.2 [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=5.3.2_Polling%2C_Interrupts%2C_DMA&amp;wvprov=sticky-header Polling, Interrupts, DMA]
* '''5.4 [[5.4 Instruction Sets|Instruction Sets]]'''
** [[5.4.1 RISC vs. CISC]]
* '''5.5 [[5.5 Assembly Language (Basic Concepts)|Assembly Language (Basic Concepts)]]'''
* 5.6 [[5.6 How a Computer Works|How a Computer Works]]
'''6.0 [[6.0 Operating Systems (OS)|Operating Systems (OS)]]'''
* '''6.1 [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=6.1_Role_and_Functions_of_an_OS&amp;veaction=edit Role and Functions of an OS]'''
** 6.1.1 [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=6.1_Role_and_Functions_of_an_OS&amp;veaction=edit Resource Management, Process Management, Memory Management, File Management]
* '''6.2 [[6.2 Process Management|Process Management]]'''
** 6.2.1 [[6.2.1 Processes vs. Threads|Processes vs. Threads]]
** 6.2.2 [[6.2.2 Process States|Process States]]
** 6.2.3 [[6.2.3 CPU Scheduling Algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Priority, Round Robin)|CPU Scheduling Algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Priority, Round Robin)]]
** 6.2.4 [[6.2.4 Inter-Process Communication (IPC)|Inter-Process Communication (IPC)]]
* 6.2.5 [[6.2.5 Synchronization (Semaphores, Mutexes)|Synchronization (Semaphores, Mutexes)]]
* '''6.3 [[6.3 Memory Management|Memory Management]]'''
** 6.3.1 [[6.3.1 Paging, Segmentation|Paging, Segmentation]]
** 6.3.2 [[6.3.2 Virtual Memory|Virtual Memory]]
** 6.3.3 [[6.3.3 Page Replacement Algorithms|Page Replacement Algorithms]]
* '''6.4 [[6.4 File Systems|File Systems]]'''
** 6.4.1 [[6.4.1 File Organization, Directory Structures|File Organization, Directory Structures]]
** 6.4.2 [[6.4.2 File Allocation Methods|File Allocation Methods]]
* '''6.5 [[6.5 Concurrency &amp; Deadlock|Concurrency &amp; Deadlock]]'''
** 6.5.1 [[6.5.1 Conditions for Deadlock|Conditions for Deadlock]]
** 6.5.2 [[6.5.2 Deadlock Prevention, Avoidance, Detection, Recovery|Deadlock Prevention, Avoidance, Detection, Recovery]]
'''7.0 [[7.0 Images &amp; Graphics|Images &amp; Graphics]]'''
* '''7.1 [[7.1 What is a Digital Image?|What is a Digital Image]]?'''
** 7.1.1 [[7.1.1 Pixels and Resolution|Pixels and Resolution]]
** 7.1.2 [[7.1.2 How Computers See Color (RGB, basic idea)|How Computers See Color (RGB, basic idea)]]
* '''7.2 [[7.2 Image File Formats|Image File Formats]]'''
** 7.2.1 [[7.2.1 JPG (for photos)|JPG (for photos)]]
** 7.2.2 [[7.2.2 PNG (for graphics, transparency)|PNG (for graphics, transparency)]]
** 7.2.3 [[7.2.3 GIF (for simple animations, limited colors)|GIF (for simple animations, limited colors)]]
* '''7.3 [[7.3 Computer Graphics: Making Digital Art|Computer Graphics: Making Digital Art]]'''
** 7.3.1 [[7.3.1 Creating Images (drawing, 3D models - simple concepts)|Creating Images (drawing, 3D models - simple concepts)]]
** 7.3.2 Animation Basics (moving images)
* '''7.4 Image Processing: Changing Pictures'''
** 7.4.1 Basic Edits (brightness, contrast, filters)
** 7.4.2 Why We Process Images (fixing, enhancing, effects)
* '''7.5 Computer Vision: Teaching Computers to See''' (Brief, exciting examples)
** 7.5.1 Facial Recognition
** 7.5.2 Object Detection (self-driving cars, sorting)
'''8.0 Video &amp; Multimedia'''
* 8.1 What is Digital Video? (Explaining frames, frame rate, audio)
* 8.2 Video File Formats (MP4, MOV, etc.)
* 8.3 Video Compression (Basic idea of making files smaller)
* 8.4 Video Streaming (How YouTube/Netflix works)
* 8.5 Basic Audio Concepts (Sound waves to digital, basic formats)
'''9.0  [[7.0 Networking &amp; Internet|Networking &amp; Internet]]'''
* '''9.1 [[7.1 Network Models|Network Models]]'''
** 9.1.1  [[7.1.1 OSI Model (7 Layers)|OSI Model (7 Layers)]]
** 9.1.2  [[7.1.2 TCP/IP Model (4/5 Layers)|TCP/IP Model (4/5 Layers)]]
* '''9.2 [[7.2 Protocols|Protocols]]'''
** 9.2.1  [[7.2.1 HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP|HTTP/HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, POP3, IMAP]]
** 9.2.2  [[7.2.2 TCP (Reliable, Connection-Oriented)|TCP (Reliable, Connection-Oriented)]]
** 9.2.3  [[7.2.3 UDP (Unreliable, Connectionless)|UDP (Unreliable, Connectionless)]]
** 9.2.4  [[7.2.4 IP (Internet Protocol)|IP (Internet Protocol)]]
** 9.2.5  [[7.2.5 DNS (Domain Name System)|DNS (Domain Name System)]]
* '''9.3 [[7.3 Network Topologies|Network Topologies]]'''
** 9.3.1  [[7.3.1 Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh|Bus, Star, Ring, Mesh]]
* '''9.4 [[7.4 Web Technologies (Basic Overview)|Web Technologies (Basic Overview)]]'''
** 9.4.1  [[7.4.1 HTML, CSS, JavaScript (Client-side)|HTML, CSS, JavaScript (Client-side)]]
** 9.4.2  [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=7.4.2_Web_Servers%2C_APIs&amp;wvprov=sticky-header Web Servers, APIs]
'''10.0  Databases'''
* '''10.1 Database Types'''
** 10.1.1  Relational Databases (SQL)
** 10.1.2  NoSQL Databases (Key-Value, Document, Column-Family, Graph)
* '''10.2 Relational Database Concepts'''
** 10.2.1  Tables, Rows, Columns
** 10.2.2  Primary Keys, Foreign Keys
** 10.2.3  Relationships (One-to-One, One-to-Many, Many-to-Many)
* '''10.3 SQL (Structured Query Language)'''
** 10.3.1  CRUD Operations (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE)
** 10.3.2  JOINs, Subqueries
** 10.3.3  Data Definition Language (DDL)
** 10.3.4  Data Manipulation Language (DML)
* '''10.4 Database Design'''
** 10.4.1  Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF)
** 10.4.2  Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagrams
* '''10.5 Database Management Systems (DBMS)'''
** 10.5.1  Examples (MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server) IX. Software Engineering
'''11.0  [[9.0 Software Engineering|Software Engineering]]'''
* '''11.1 [[10.1 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)|Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)]]'''
** 11.1.1.  [[10.1.1. Phases (Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, Maintenance)|Phases (Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, Maintenance)]]
** 11.1.2  [[9.1.2 Models (Waterfall, Iterative, Spiral)|Models (Waterfall, Iterative, Spiral)]]
* '''11.2 [[9.2 Agile Methodologies|Agile Methodologies]]'''
** 11.2.1  [[9.2.1 Scrum, Kanban|Scrum, Kanban]]
** 11.2.2  [[9.2.2 User Stories, Sprints|User Stories, Sprints]]
* '''11.3 [[9.3 Version Control|Version Control]]'''
** 11.3.1  [[9.3.1 Git (Basic Commands: clone, add, commit, push, pull, branch, merge)|Git (Basic Commands: clone, add, commit, push, pull, branch, merge)]]
** 11.3.2  [[9.3.2 GitHub/GitLab/Bitbucket (Remote Repositories)|GitHub/GitLab/Bitbucket (Remote Repositories)]]
* '''11.4 [[Software Testing]]'''
** 11.4.1  [[9.4.1 Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Acceptance Testing|Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Acceptance Testing]]
** 11.4.2  [[9.4.2 Test-Driven Development (TDD)|Test-Driven Development (TDD)]]
* '''11.5 [[9.5 Design Patterns|Design Patterns]]'''
** 11.5.1  [[9.5.1 Creational (Singleton, Factory)|Creational (Singleton, Factory)]]
** 11.5.2  [[9.5.2 Structural (Adapter, Decorator)|Structural (Adapter, Decorator)]]
** 11.5.3  [[9.5.3 Behavioral (Observer, Strategy) X. Artificial Intelligence (AI) &amp; Machine Learning (ML)|Behavioral (Observer, Strategy) X. Artificial Intelligence (AI) &amp; Machine Learning (ML)]]
'''12.0 [[10.0 Artificial Intelligence (AI) &amp; Machine Learning|Artificial Intelligence (AI) &amp; Machine Learning]]'''
* '''12.1 [[10.1 Introduction to AI|Introduction to AI]]'''
** 12.1.1  [[10.1 Introduction to AI|Strong AI vs. Weak AI]]
** 12.1.2  [[10.1.2 Applications of AI|Applications of AI]]
* '''12.2 [[10.2 Types of Machine Learning|Types of Machine Learning]]'''
** 12.2.1  [[10.2.1 Supervised Learning (Regression, Classification)|Supervised Learning (Regression, Classification)]]
** 12.2.2  [[10.2.2 Unsupervised Learning (Clustering, Dimensionality Reduction)|Unsupervised Learning (Clustering, Dimensionality Reduction)]]
*** 12.2.3  [[10.2.3 Reinforcement Learning|Reinforcement Learning]]
* '''12.3 [[10.3 Common ML Algorithms|Common ML Algorithms]]'''
** 12.3.1  [[10.3.1 Linear Regression, Logistic Regression|Linear Regression, Logistic Regression]]
** 12.3.2  [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=10.3.2_Decision_Trees%2C_Random_Forests&amp;wvprov=sticky-header Decision Trees, Random Forests]
** 12.3.3  [[10.3.3 Support Vector Machines (SVM)|Support Vector Machines (SVM)]]
** 12.3.4  [[10.3.4 K-Means Clustering|K-Means Clustering]]
* '''[[10.4 Neural Networks &amp; Deep Learning (Basic Concepts)]]'''
** 12.4.1  [[10.4.1 Perceptrons, Layers#10.4.1 Perceptrons, Layers|Perceptrons, Layers]]
** 12.4.2  [[10.4.2 Activation Functions|Activation Functions]]
** 12.4.3  [[10.4.3 Backpropagation (High-level)|Backpropagation (High-level)]]
** 12.4.4  [[10.4.4 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)|Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)]]
** 12.4.5  [[10.4.5 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)|Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs)]]
* '''12.5 [[10.5 Natural Language Processing (NLP) / Computer Vision (CV)|Natural Language Processing (NLP) / Computer Vision (CV)]]'''
** 12.5.1  [[10.5.1 Basic tasks and applications|Basic tasks and applications]]
** 12.5.2  [https://wiki.omnivision.website/index.php?title=10.5.2_Large_Language_Models_%28LLMs%29&amp;wvprov=sticky-header Large Language Models (LLMs)]
*** 12.5.2.1 [[10.5.2.1 Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT)|Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT)]]
'''13.0  Cybersecurity'''
* '''13.1 Fundamentals of Security'''
** 13.1.1  Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA Triad)
** 13.1.2  Authentication, Authorization, Accounting (AAA)
* '''13.2 Common Threats &amp; Attacks'''
** 13.2.1  Malware (Viruses, Worms, Ransomware)
** 13.2.2  Phishing, Social Engineering
** 13.2.3  Denial of Service (DoS) / Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS)
** 13.2.4  Man-in-the-Middle Attacks
* '''13.3 Cryptography'''
** 13.3.1  Symmetric vs. Asymmetric Encryption
** 13.3.2  Hashing
** 13.3.3  Digital Signatures
* '''13.4 Network Security'''
** 13.4.1  Firewalls, Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems (IDS/IPS)
** 13.4.2  Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
* '''13.5 Web Security'''
** 13.5.1  Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
** 13.5.2  SQL Injection
** 13.5.3  Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) XII. Theoretical Computer Science
'''14.0  Theoretical Computer Science'''
* '''14.1 Automata Theory'''
** 14.1.1  Finite Automata (DFAs, NFAs)
** 14.1.2  Regular Expressions
** 14.1.3  Context-Free Grammars &amp; Pushdown Automata
* '''14.2 Computability Theory'''
** 14.2.1  Turing Machines
** 14.2.2  Church-Turing Thesis
** 14.2.3  Halting Problem (Undecidability)
* '''14.3 Complexity Theory'''
** 14.3.1  Time and Space Complexity (Big O Notation revisited)
** 14.3.2  P, NP, NP-Complete, NP-Hard XIII. Emerging Topics &amp; Future Trends
'''15.0  Emerging Topics and Future Trends'''
* '''15.1 Quantum Computing'''
** 15.1.1  Basic Principles (Superposition, Entanglement)
** 15.1.2  Qubits, Quantum Gates
* '''15.2 Blockchain &amp; Distributed Ledger Technologies'''
** 15.2.1  Decentralization, Cryptocurrencies
** 15.2.2  Smart Contracts
* '''15.3 Cloud Computing'''
** 15.3.1  IaaS, PaaS, SaaS
** 15.3.2  Public, Private, Hybrid Clouds
* '''15.4 Big Data'''
** 15.41  Volume, Velocity, Variety
** 15.42  Hadoop, Spark (Basic Concepts)
* '''15.5 Ethical AI &amp; Societal Impact'''
** 15.51  Bias in AI, Privacy Concerns
** 15.52  AI Safety and Governance
'''16.0 Resources'''

* 16.1 Code.org
* 16.2 Hour of Code
* 16.3 Khan Academy
* 16.4 Scratch
* 16.5 Skillstruck.com
* 16.6 Harvard CS50
** 16.61 [[16.61 Harvard CS50 (2023) Full Computer Science University Course|Harvard CS50 (2023) Full Computer Science University Course]]


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